Which acute viral disease is often followed by a skin rash and respiratory inflammation?

Measles is an acute viral disease characterized by a distinct clinical presentation that includes fever, cough, and a characteristic skin rash. After the initial symptoms appear, a maculopapular rash typically develops, beginning on the face and spreading to the rest of the body. This disease is also associated with respiratory inflammation as the virus primarily affects the respiratory tract before causing the skin manifestations.

In contrast, malaria is a parasitic infection caused by Plasmodium species and does not present with a rash or respiratory symptoms. Influenza is a viral infection that can lead to respiratory symptoms and generalized malaise, but it does not usually cause a rash. Leukemia is a type of cancer that affects blood cells and does not relate to acute viral infections or rash development. Thus, measles is the accurate choice due to its clear association with both respiratory symptoms and a subsequent rash.